Direct Method Based Control System for an Autonomous Quadrotor

This paper proposes a real time control algorithm for autonomous operation of a quadrotor unmanned air vehicle. The quadrotor is a small agile vehicle, which as well as being a excellent test bed for advanced control techniques could also be suitable for internal surveillance, search and rescue and remote inspection. The proposed control scheme incorporates two key aspects of autonomy; trajectory planning and trajectory following. Using the differentially-flat dynamics property of the system, the trajectory optimization is posed as a non-linear constrained optimization within the output space in the virtual domain, not explicitly related to the time domain. A suitable parameterization using a virtual argument as opposed to time is applied, which ensures initial and terminal constraint satisfaction. The speed profile is optimized independently, followed by the mapping to the time domain achieved using a speed factor. Trajectory following is achieved with a standard multi-variable control technique and a digital switch is used to re-optimize the reference trajectory in the event of infeasibility or mission change. The paper includes simulations using I. D. Cowling Blue Bear Systems Research Ltd, Bedfordshire, MK41 6JE, UK e-mail: [email protected] J. F. Whidborne · A. K. Cooke Department of Aerospace Sciences, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, UK J. F. Whidborne e-mail: [email protected] A. K. Cooke e-mail: [email protected] O. A. Yakimenko (B) Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA 93943-5107, USA e-mail: [email protected] 286 J Intell Robot Syst (2010) 60:285–316 a full dynamic model of the quadrotor demonstrating the suitability of the proposed control scheme.